The  Insurance  Regulatory  And development authority Bill was approved by the Lok Sabha  on December 1,1999,  and after  approval  of the Rajya Sabha  was enacted as a the  Insurance  Regulatory  And development authority  (IRDA), act, 1999. The IRDA  Act 1999, was gazetted  on April  19, 2000, .As per  the first   Schedule  of the IRDA Act, 1999, certain amendments  were made to the Insurance   Act,  1938, the Life Insurance   Corporation  Act, 1956, and  the general Insurance   Business nationalization  Act, 1972, to pave the way for  liberalizations  of the Insurance   sector. The preamble  of the IRDA act calls it.  An Act to provide for the establishment  of an authority  to protect the interest  of holders of Insurance   policies   to regular  promote and ensure  orderly  growth of the  industry  and for matters connected  there with or a incident  thereto....
 In terms of the  IRDA act and  amendments  to the Insurance  Act, the office of the Controller  of Insurance   has become  redundant  under normal circumstances, . However the Central  Government  retains its powers  to appoint a person  to be the Controller  of Insurance   in certain  specific  situations. The authority  is a body corporate  having  perpetual  succession  and common  seal. It consists  of a Chairperson  and other members  not exceeding to the nine in number of whom not more  than five would serve full time and not more than four would serve time part time,  to be appointed by the Central Government  from amongst persons of ability , integrity  and standing who have the knowledge  or experience   of life insurance,  general  Insurance   actuarial  science , finance economic  law, accountancy, administration  or any other discipline  which in the opinion  of the central  government shall be useful of the Authority  . As per the Act, the Chairperson  would hold  office for a term of 5 year or until the age of 65 years.  The whole time members  would hold office  for a term of 5 years, or until  the age of 62 years.  A part time member would not  office  for a term not exceeding 5 years. 
  The duties of the IRDA have been spelt out in the Act as to regulate  promote and ensure  orderly growth  of the Insurance   business and reinsurance   business. The powers  and functions  of the IRDA have been listed out as follows.  1.  Issue to the applicant a certification  of registration , renew,  modify, withdrawn,  suspend , or cancel such registration.  2.  Protection of the interests  of the policy holder in matters  concerning  assigning  of policy,  nomination  by policy holder insurable  interest  settlement  of  Insurance   claim, surrender value of the policy and other terms and a  conditions  of contract of Insurance  . 3. Specifying  the requisite  qualifications  code of the conduct  and practical  training  for intermediary  or Insurance   intermediaries  and agents.  4. Specifying  the code of conduct  for surveyors  and the loss assessors.  5.  Promoting  efficiency  in the conduct   of Insurance   business. 6.  Promoting and regulations  professionals  organizations  connected with the insurance with and reinsurance  business.  7. Levying  fees and other charges or carrying  out the purpose  of the IRDS Act,: 8. Calling for information  from, undertaking  inspection  and conducting  enquiries intermediaries  and other organizations  connected  with the insurance  business. 9.  Control and regulations of the rates, advantage  terms and  condition  that may be offered by  insurance in respect  of general insurance  business not so controlled  and regulated by TAC under section  64U of the insurance   Act 1938:  10. Specifying  the form and manner in th which  books and of account  will be maintained and statement of the accounts will be rendered by the insurers  and insurance  intermediaries.

SNAP-SHOTS OF THE ECONOMY. A student  of insurance  should have  an overview  of the external environment  in which the insurers are functioning  at present at and are expected  to function  in the future. The  trends called out the from contemporary literature give a  rough indication  of the extent to which is the insurers  need to prepare themselves  to face the challenges.  Economics  liberalizations has caused cascading  effects on various aspects of the Indian economy. The country’s  transformation  from a  conventional agricultural economics  to an industrialized  economy has raised  a volley of new  a challenges  to the nation’s  infrastructure  especially on the service sector. India has crossed new milestones in the diverse areas  such as a  exploration of the oils in the high seas,  launching of artificial  satellites  creations of  state of the art power plants and  refineries  acquiring  of business process  from different  countries  and higher inflow of the foreign  direct  investment. All  these have been  created by the a bigger market for the support systems  including  insurance.

Growth potential in insurance sector is the a well-researched phenomenon any where  in the world. It depends on several  macro economic  parameters. Collectively exhausting  but not  mutually  exclusive  parameters  of insurance growth are gross direct premium  (GDP), level and a growth rate, agriculture  production and productive energy generations  and incremental  consumption  infrastructure level and strategy of the further, implementation  corporate sector and the industry  inflation  targeting and containment capital market  volume and  returns  money and the banking growth rate projections of the economy and business  confidence level  to determine the spirit of times.   Changes in the consumers  demographics, largely determine  reorientation  of insurance business. The insurance sector has been has to translate  demographic  realities into the opportunities  for growth . The country’s  progress  in terms of financial knowledge, rapid technologies innovation  communication , and internet  technologies  evolving  business environment and the  globalizations,  liberalizations,  conglomerations,  more distribution  channels, and the increasing  educations  are clear  drivers and the of change  that the insurance sector  can tap for is growth. As per the Swiss investment  bank, Credit Suisse India’s  Gross Domestic  Product  (GDP), at around Rs. 41,00,000 crore, has been it is a crossed the trillion  dollar mark for the first time in History  in April 1007, when  the rupee appreciated  to below  41 level  against the US dollar. India has  thus joined the  elite  club of the  12 countries  with a  trillion  dollar economy. The annual  growth rate in 2007 is over 9 per cent and over a period f time hovering  around 8 to 9 per cent. During the first three quarters  of 2006-2007,  the six, core infrastructure industries.  Viz.,  Crude petroleum, refinery,  electricity , finished steel,  cement and coal  grew  approximately  at 8.3 per cent as compared  to 5.5  per cent in the previous  year.  The index of industrial  production  showed a rise of the 10.6, per  cent as a against the 8.3 per cent of the  previous fiscal,  The  three categories  of industry  manufacturing , mining and  electricity , also fuelled  the growth  of the economy. The automobile, industry  registered  a total production of 8.2 million  vehicle in the same period with a  growth a  percentage  of a  15.91, per cent.

The number of the passenger  cars crew by 20.76 per cent, two wheelers, by 13.45 per cent, three-wheelers, grew by the 20.76, per cent  two-wheeler grew by 13.45 per cent, . Automobiles exports  registered  a growth of 28.74, per cent over the previous year. Till December 2006, India was a  had a total  telephone  subscription  of nearly  190 millions phones. The responsibility  of providing  insurance coverage  for there these  landmark  achievement  of the  nation’s  progress  is vested  with Indian  insurance companies  who have an a  to assess and accept to the risk  for insurance and reinsure the portion  of the risk  that is beyond  their  in the retention  capacity in the international market.   Growth in various  sectors  cells for corresponding regulatory  changes as well. In a acknowledgments  of the scope  of regulatory  overlaps  and realizing  the increasing  need for the regulatory  convergence a  High level  Co-ordination,  Committee on a Capital or Financial Markets, comprising  the heads the of the  regulatory institutions  meet periodically  to ensure a  certain degree of effectiveness  of supervision , consistency  in regulation  and harmonization of the supervisory  practice  between the banking, securities  and insurance supervisors
 
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